Lead-Acid Storage Batteries
Each cell of a lead-acid battery contains two interleaved sets of plates, immersed in electrolyte. Those connected to the positive terminal of a charged cell are of lead peroxide: those connected to the negative terminal are of lead The simple sketch used here to explain the discharge and recharge has only one plate of each type (Fig. 1.1).
The electrolyte in which the plates are immersed is a dilute .solution of sulphuric acid in distilled characteristic of electrolytes Is that they, contain ions of the compounds dissolved in them which can act as current carriers. In this solution, the ions are provided by sulphuric acid (H2SO4) molecules, which split into positively charged hydrogen ions (H+) and negatively charged sulphate ions (SO4ˉˉ). The separated parts of the molecule are electrically unbalanced because the split leaves sulphate ion with extra (negative) electrons, and hydrogen ions with an overall positive charge due to the loss of electrons.
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